Among all the construction materials, aggregates contribute to a larger percentage of the construction materials consumed daily. The ongoing faster infrastructural developments have led to significant demand for construction aggregates. As a consequence, a considerable shortage of natural aggregates has occurred. This has increased the interest in developing and utilizing manufactured aggregates prepared using different types of industrial wastes, such as ashes, sludges, sediments, etc., as alternative aggregates. One potential resource identified for aggregate manufacture is the overburden of waste generated by the mining industry. So far, the overburden soil has been used as fillers in highway and railway pavements and other less-value applications. However, these applications neither do not use the full potential of the overburden material nor use it as a value-added product. Hence, a study was carried out to utilize the overburden in lightweight aggregate manufacture through various value-addition techniques. In this study, the raw pulverized overburden and the residual clay left after the extraction of sand from overburden were used for coarse aggregate preparation through pelletization. Also, two different aggregates were pelletized, viz., i) water-bound aggregates and ii) geopolymer aggregates. The effect of different hardening techniques, such as conventional sintering and geopolymerization through conventional oven curing and efficient microwave curing, was also studied. The results from this study highlight that the OB soil can effectively be reutilized by converting it into lightweight coarse aggregate. In this talk, the important results from the different phases of the study will be discussed.