Air filtration plays a vital role in the performance and operations of vehicles, especially for heavy-duty combat vehicles operating in the desert environment. The supply of clean air into engines is critical to their performance. An effective air filter ensures that the air entering the system is clean and free of dust, which helps the engine to run smoothly. Conventional filters made of cellulose-based media are generally used in most engine intake systems composed of microfibers. Fiber diameter and pore size are the two critical parameters that significantly affect the media's filtration performance and dust deposition. Nanofibers are typically less than 1 μm in diameter, and the nanofiber-coated filter media offers higher filtration performance than the conventional filters. Nanofibers also extend the filter's life by making it easier to clean because the fibers keep the particulate at the surface rather than depth deposition. In this work, Nylon nanofibers prepared by electrospinning process were coated over two different cellulose filter media. The morphology and characteristics of the nanocoated filter media were compared with the conventional (bare) cellulose filter media. The performance of the nanocoated filter media was tested on a lab-scale air filtration test rig and evaluated the filter performance parameters such as pressure drop, filtration efficiency, dust holding capacity, and quality factor (Q-factor). Experimental results showed that Nylon nanofibers coated filter media significantly improved the filtration efficiency and quality factor (Q-factor) compared to the conventional cellulose filter media. Therefore, the performance of an engine air intake system can be improved by the addition of Nylon nanofibers to the surface of the conventional cellulose media.