In today's competitive environment, there is always a growing demand to enhance the cutting tool's
life when machining difficult-to-machine materials. Various studies have found that the generation
of different geometrical textures on the tool surface helped in the enhancement of the tribological
behaviour at tool-chip interfaces, and it, in turn, improves the cutting tool's life and the productivity
of machining operation. Therefore in the current investigation, the effect of the position (rake
surface, flank surface, rake and flank surface) of the different geometrical textured tool on the
machining performance of hard to machine martensitic stainless steel has been carried out. The
different types of textures studied are micro-dimple textures, micro-groove textures, and bioinspired micro-crescent textures. The various output responses analyzed in the current
investigation are tool-chip contact area, flank wear, cutting forces, average surface roughness, chip
morphology, surface defects and residual stress on the machined surface. From the obtained
responses, it has been observed that out of the different geometrical textures and different positions
of the textured tools. The bio-inspired both rake and the flank faced crescent textured tool
outperformed the other textured and conventional tools in terms of the reduction of flank wear,
cutting forces, tool-chip contact area, surface roughness etc. The common wear mechanisms
observed in cuttings tools are abrasion, chipping, notch wear and built-up edge. Scratch marks, redeposited materials and feed marks are the common defects detected on the finished surface. The
results indicate a reduction of 45.16 %, 56.44 %, 19.04 %, 28.91 % and 19.02 % in the tool-chip
contact area, flank wear, tangential force, feed force and average surface roughness using the
crescent shaped rake and flank face textured tool with respect to the conventional tool.