Shirodhara is an ayurvedic treatment method used to treat various neurological-related ailments like hypertension, insomnia, migraines, etc. It is dependent upon various empirical rules which were devised hundreds of years ago, and yet it has shown remarkable results when it comes to treating those ailments. It requires a freely falling circular jet of a prescribed medicinal fluid to be impacted onto the forehead of a lying patient from a certain height. This routine of jet impact leads to the tranquillity of the mind. That is why it is crucial to study the mechanics of Shirodhara scientifically. In this research, investigations are done to characterize the flow which develops during the process and how it spreads after the impact.

Flow falling under the influence of gravity and various parameters related to it has been studied extensively in the past. A very common problem which has been analysed to a great extent is the draining of liquid through an orifice at the bottom of a tank. This is similar to the arrangement which is observed in the flow process when a person undergoes the Shirodhara treatment. Numerical simulation has been performed to study the characteristics associated with the flow developed during Shirodhara treatment. The most commonly used fluids during this treatment are Mahanarayana and Ksheerabala Oils. The flows were analysed experimentally, and then numerical simulations were done for validations; this will help in setting up the more complicated system later, which involves using wicks and implementing a moving target plate.

The circular hydraulic jump occurs after the jet impacts the forehead and starts spreading once a thin layer of fluid has been deposited on the surface. This hydraulic jump is also important as it tells how the load will vary during the treatment once the flow has fully developed. Until now, jumps have been studied by taking viscosity and surface tension into consideration. However, since Shirodhara involves a medicinal oil, it is important to look into the interfacial interactions between the liquid and solid as the covalent bonds which form between a solid and liquid lead to adsorption and hence may be responsible for the treatment method. The influence of interfacial energy has been investigated by considering the data available in the literature.