Fiber-reinforced composite materials, which are widely used in aerospace, automotive, and naval applications, are often subjected to various impact-related damages. This work explores the experimental and numerical study of post-impact damage propagation in carbon fiber reinforced composites, carbon/glass fiber hybrid composites, and GNP-based nano-composites under compression. LVI (Low-Velocity Impact) tests are first carried out at three different energy levels, and the same specimens are put under a displacement-controlled compression test. The damage initiation and propagation in both impact tests and compression tests are studied using X-ray computed tomography. The results matched well with the results obtained from the finite element model, simulated using ABAQUS/explicit. The effect of the changing impact energy and the influence of the stacking orientation on post-impact damage propagation is studied. Upon completing the study, it is observed that the CAI (Compression-After-Impact) strength depends on the factors like properties of the constituent material, ply orientations and stacking sequence, and thickness of the laminate. It is observed that even when the damage is barely visible on the surface of the specimen, compressive strength has been reduced drastically. The observed mode of the damage propagation in CAI testing is buckling of the sub-laminates in the vicinity of the damage zone formed by the impact event. The size of the impact damage zone depends on the impact energy, which actually governs the CAI strength.